There are four elements in the traction power system that affect, or are affected by, track alignment and trackwork design and the construction and maintenance of track systems:
Traction power positive supply system, including substation locations
Wayside catenary distribution positive system, providing power to the vehicles
Traction power negative return through the rails
Corrosion control measures to minimize the level and effects of stray currents on adjacent conduits, pipes, and cables
